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Implement arithmetic negation

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This commit is contained in:
Eugen Wissner
2025-09-02 18:52:08 +02:00
parent 44fa140769
commit bea73ceb78
3 changed files with 404 additions and 101 deletions
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9
Rakefile
View File

@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@
require 'open3'
require 'rake/clean'
CROSS_GCC = '../eugenios/build/rootfs/bin/riscv32-unknown-linux-gnu-gcc'
SYSROOT = '../eugenios/build/sysroot'
QEMU = 'qemu-riscv32'
STAGES = Dir.glob('boot/stage*.elna').collect { |stage| File.basename stage, '.elna' }.sort
@@ -16,6 +15,10 @@ CLEAN.include 'build/boot', 'build/valid'
directory 'build/boot'
directory 'build/valid'
def compile(input, output)
sh ENV.fetch('CC', 'gcc'), '-nostdlib', '-o', output, input
end
task default: :boot
desc 'Final stage'
@@ -47,7 +50,7 @@ end
rule /^build\/[[:alpha:]]+\/stage[[:digit:]]+$/ => ->(match) {
"#{match}.s"
} do |t|
sh CROSS_GCC, '-nostdlib', '-o', t.name, *t.prerequisites
compile(*t.prerequisites, t.name)
end
STAGES.each do |stage|
@@ -91,5 +94,5 @@ end
file 'build/boot/stage1' => ['build/boot', 'boot/stage1.s'] do |t|
source = t.prerequisites.select { |prerequisite| prerequisite.end_with? '.s' }
sh CROSS_GCC, '-nostdlib', '-o', t.name, *source
compile(*source, t.name)
end

248
boot/stage5.elna
View File

@@ -4,11 +4,13 @@
# Stage4 compiler.
#
# - Taking value of local and global variables. Variables that doesn't begin
# with "v" are considered global.
# - Simple variable assignment, e.g. v0 := 5 or v0 := global_variable;
# 7 words on the stack, 28 - 56, are reversed for procedure arguments (caller side).
# - Take address unary operation "@".
# - Stack size increased to 128 bytes per procedure.
# 7 words on the stack, 92 - 120, are reversed for procedure arguments (caller side).
# 7 words on the stack, 64 - 92, are reserved for procedure parameters (callee side).
# The first parameter is in 88, the second in 84 and so forth.
# - Unary negate operation, e.g. -5.
# - Unary locical not operation "~".
# - Binary addition "+".
.section .rodata
@@ -37,10 +39,10 @@ keyword_begin: .ascii "begin"
keyword_var: .ascii "var"
.type asm_prologue, @object
asm_prologue: .string "\taddi sp, sp, -64\n\tsw ra, 60(sp)\n\tsw s0, 56(sp)\n\taddi s0, sp, 64\n"
asm_prologue: .string "\taddi sp, sp, -128\n\tsw ra, 124(sp)\n\tsw s0, 120(sp)\n\taddi s0, sp, 128\n"
.type asm_epilogue, @object
asm_epilogue: .string "\tlw ra, 60(sp)\n\tlw s0, 56(sp)\n\taddi sp, sp, 64\n\tret\n"
asm_epilogue: .string "\tlw ra, 124(sp)\n\tlw s0, 120(sp)\n\taddi sp, sp, 128\n\tret\n"
.type asm_type_directive, @object
asm_type_directive: .string ".type "
@@ -72,11 +74,14 @@ asm_sw: .string "\tsw "
.type asm_addi, @object
asm_addi: .string "\taddi "
.type asm_t0, @object
asm_t0: .string "t0"
.type asm_add, @object
asm_add: .string "\tadd "
.type asm_t1, @object
asm_t1: .string "t1"
.type asm_neg, @object
asm_neg: .string "\tneg "
.type asm_not, @object
asm_not: .string "\tnot "
.type asm_comma, @object
asm_comma: .string ", "
@@ -486,7 +491,7 @@ end;
proc _compile_integer_literal();
begin
_write_z(@asm_li);
_write_z(@asm_t0);
_write_register('t', 0);
_write_z(@asm_comma);
_read_token();
@@ -499,7 +504,7 @@ end;
proc _compile_character_literal();
begin
_write_z(@asm_li);
_write_z(@asm_t0);
_write_register('t', 0);
_write_z(@asm_comma);
_write_c('\'');
@@ -532,11 +537,11 @@ begin
_compile_designator();
_write_z(@asm_lw);
_write_z(@asm_t0);
_write_register('t', 0);
_write_z(@asm_comma);
_write_c('(');
_write_z(@asm_t0);
_write_register('t', 0);
_write_c(')');
_write_c('\n');
@@ -551,7 +556,39 @@ begin
end;
proc _compile_expression();
proc _compile_negate_expression();
begin
# Skip the "-" sign.
_advance_token(1);
_compile_term();
_write_z(@asm_neg);
_write_register('t', 0);
_write_z(@asm_comma);
_write_register('t', 0);
_write_c('\n');
end;
proc _compile_not_expression();
begin
# Skip the "~" sign.
_advance_token(1);
_compile_term();
_write_z(@asm_not);
_write_register('t', 0);
_write_z(@asm_comma);
_write_register('t', 0);
_write_c('\n');
end;
proc _compile_term();
begin
la t0, source_code_position
lw t0, (t0)
@@ -559,31 +596,95 @@ begin
sw a0, 0(sp)
li t1, '\''
beq a0, t1, .compile_expression_character_literal
beq a0, t1, .compile_term_character_literal
li t1, '@'
beq a0, t1, .compile_expression_address
beq a0, t1, .compile_term_address
li t1, '-'
beq a0, t1, .compile_term_negation
li t1, '~'
beq a0, t1, .compile_term_not
_is_digit(v0);
bnez a0, .compile_expression_integer_literal
bnez a0, .compile_term_integer_literal
goto .compile_expression_variable;
goto .compile_term_variable;
.compile_expression_character_literal:
.compile_term_character_literal:
_compile_character_literal();
goto .compile_expression_end;
goto .compile_term_end;
.compile_expression_integer_literal:
.compile_term_integer_literal:
_compile_integer_literal();
goto .compile_expression_end;
goto .compile_term_end;
.compile_expression_address:
.compile_term_address:
_compile_address_expression();
goto .compile_expression_end;
goto .compile_term_end;
.compile_expression_variable:
.compile_term_negation:
_compile_negate_expression();
goto .compile_term_end;
.compile_term_not:
_compile_not_expression();
goto .compile_term_end;
.compile_term_variable:
_compile_variable_expression();
goto .compile_expression_end;
goto .compile_term_end;
.compile_term_end:
end;
proc _compile_expression();
begin
_compile_term();
la t0, source_code_position
lw t0, (t0)
lb a0, (t0)
li t1, ' '
bne a0, t1, .compile_expression_end
# It is a binary expression.
# Save the value of the left expression on the stack.
_write_z(@asm_sw);
_write_register('t', 0);
_write_z(@asm_comma);
_write_i(24);
_write_c('(');
_write_z(@asm_sp);
_write_c(')');
_write_c('\n');
# Skip the operator and surrounding whitespaces.
_advance_token(3);
_compile_term();
# Load the left expression from the stack;
_write_z(@asm_lw);
_write_register('t', 1);
_write_z(@asm_comma);
_write_i(24);
_write_c('(');
_write_z(@asm_sp);
_write_c(')');
_write_c('\n');
# Execute the operation.
_write_z(@asm_add);
_write_register('t', 0);
_write_z(@asm_comma);
_write_register('t', 0);
_write_z(@asm_comma);
_write_register('t', 1);
_write_c('\n');
.compile_expression_end:
end;
@@ -597,7 +698,7 @@ begin
_read_token();
sw a0, 0(sp)
v4 := source_code_position
v4 := source_code_position;
sw zero, 8(sp)
@@ -617,14 +718,14 @@ begin
# Save the argument on the stack.
_write_z(@asm_sw);
_write_z(@asm_t0);
_write_register('t', 0);
_write_z(@asm_comma);
# Calculate the stack offset: 52 - (4 * argument_counter)
# Calculate the stack offset: 116 - (4 * argument_counter)
lw t0, 8(sp)
li t1, 4
mul t0, t0, t1
li t1, 52
li t1, 116
sub a0, t1, t0
_write_i();
@@ -668,11 +769,11 @@ begin
_write_z(@asm_comma);
# Calculate the stack offset: 52 - (4 * argument_counter)
# Calculate the stack offset: 116 - (4 * argument_counter)
lw t0, 8(sp)
li t1, 4
mul t0, t0, t1
li t1, 52
li t1, 116
sub a0, t1, t0
_write_i();
@@ -712,7 +813,7 @@ begin
_advance_token(1);
_write_z(@asm_addi);
_write_z(@asm_t0);
_write_register('t', 0);
_write_z(@asm_comma);
_write_z(@asm_sp);
_write_z(@asm_comma);
@@ -733,7 +834,7 @@ end;
proc _compile_global_designator();
begin
_write_z(@asm_la);
_write_z(@asm_t0);
_write_register('t', 0);
_write_z(@asm_comma);
_read_token();
@@ -772,7 +873,7 @@ begin
# Save the assignee address on the stack.
_write_z(@asm_sw);
_write_z(@asm_t0);
_write_register('t', 0);
_write_z(@asm_comma);
_write_i(20);
@@ -787,7 +888,7 @@ begin
_compile_expression();
_write_z(@asm_lw);
_write_z(@asm_t1);
_write_register('t', 1);
_write_z(@asm_comma);
_write_i(20);
@@ -797,11 +898,11 @@ begin
_write_c('\n');
_write_z(@asm_sw);
_write_z(@asm_t0);
_write_register('t', 0);
_write_z(@asm_comma);
_write_c('(');
_write_z(@asm_t1);
_write_register('t', 1);
_write_c(')');
end;
@@ -855,11 +956,8 @@ end;
proc _compile_procedure_body();
begin
.compile_procedure_body_loop:
la a0, source_code_position
lw a0, (a0)
la a1, keyword_end
li a2, 3 # "end" length.
_memcmp();
# 3 is "end" length.
_memcmp(source_code_position, @keyword_end, 3);
beqz a0, .compile_procedure_body_epilogue
@@ -869,6 +967,60 @@ begin
.compile_procedure_body_epilogue:
end;
# Writes a regster name to the standard output.
#
# Parameters:
# a0 - Register character.
# a1 - Register number.
proc _write_register();
begin
sw a0, 0(sp)
sw a1, 4(sp)
_write_c();
lw a0, 4(sp)
li t0, '0'
add a0, a0, t0
_write_c();
end;
proc _compile_procedure_prologue();
begin
_write_z(@asm_prologue);
v0 := 0;
.compile_procedure_prologue_loop:
_write_z(@asm_sw);
li a0, 'a'
lw a1, 0(sp)
_write_register();
_write_z(@asm_comma);
# Calculate the stack offset: 88 - (4 * parameter_counter)
lw t0, 0(sp)
li t1, 4
mul t0, t0, t1
li t1, 88
sub a0, t1, t0
_write_i();
_write_c('(');
_write_z(@asm_sp);
_write_c(')');
_write_c('\n');
lw a0, 0(sp)
addi a0, a0, 1
sw a0, 0(sp)
li t0, 8
bne a0, t0, .compile_procedure_prologue_loop
end;
proc _compile_procedure();
begin
# Skip "proc ".
@@ -883,8 +1035,7 @@ begin
_write_token(v0);
la a0, asm_type_function
_write_z();
_write_z(@asm_type_function);
# Write procedure label, _procedure_name:
_write_token(v0);
@@ -896,8 +1047,7 @@ begin
addi a0, a0, 10
_advance_token();
_write_z(@asm_prologue);
_compile_procedure_prologue();
_compile_procedure_body();
# Write the epilogue.

248
boot/stage6.elna
View File

@@ -4,11 +4,13 @@
# Stage4 compiler.
#
# - Taking value of local and global variables. Variables that doesn't begin
# with "v" are considered global.
# - Simple variable assignment, e.g. v0 := 5 or v0 := global_variable;
# 7 words on the stack, 28 - 56, are reversed for procedure arguments (caller side).
# - Take address unary operation "@".
# - Stack size increased to 128 bytes per procedure.
# 7 words on the stack, 92 - 120, are reversed for procedure arguments (caller side).
# 7 words on the stack, 64 - 92, are reserved for procedure parameters (callee side).
# The first parameter is in 88, the second in 84 and so forth.
# - Unary negate operation, e.g. -5.
# - Unary locical not operation "~".
# - Binary addition "+".
.section .rodata
@@ -37,10 +39,10 @@ keyword_begin: .ascii "begin"
keyword_var: .ascii "var"
.type asm_prologue, @object
asm_prologue: .string "\taddi sp, sp, -64\n\tsw ra, 60(sp)\n\tsw s0, 56(sp)\n\taddi s0, sp, 64\n"
asm_prologue: .string "\taddi sp, sp, -128\n\tsw ra, 124(sp)\n\tsw s0, 120(sp)\n\taddi s0, sp, 128\n"
.type asm_epilogue, @object
asm_epilogue: .string "\tlw ra, 60(sp)\n\tlw s0, 56(sp)\n\taddi sp, sp, 64\n\tret\n"
asm_epilogue: .string "\tlw ra, 124(sp)\n\tlw s0, 120(sp)\n\taddi sp, sp, 128\n\tret\n"
.type asm_type_directive, @object
asm_type_directive: .string ".type "
@@ -72,11 +74,14 @@ asm_sw: .string "\tsw "
.type asm_addi, @object
asm_addi: .string "\taddi "
.type asm_t0, @object
asm_t0: .string "t0"
.type asm_add, @object
asm_add: .string "\tadd "
.type asm_t1, @object
asm_t1: .string "t1"
.type asm_neg, @object
asm_neg: .string "\tneg "
.type asm_not, @object
asm_not: .string "\tnot "
.type asm_comma, @object
asm_comma: .string ", "
@@ -486,7 +491,7 @@ end;
proc _compile_integer_literal();
begin
_write_z(@asm_li);
_write_z(@asm_t0);
_write_register('t', 0);
_write_z(@asm_comma);
_read_token();
@@ -499,7 +504,7 @@ end;
proc _compile_character_literal();
begin
_write_z(@asm_li);
_write_z(@asm_t0);
_write_register('t', 0);
_write_z(@asm_comma);
_write_c('\'');
@@ -532,11 +537,11 @@ begin
_compile_designator();
_write_z(@asm_lw);
_write_z(@asm_t0);
_write_register('t', 0);
_write_z(@asm_comma);
_write_c('(');
_write_z(@asm_t0);
_write_register('t', 0);
_write_c(')');
_write_c('\n');
@@ -551,7 +556,39 @@ begin
end;
proc _compile_expression();
proc _compile_negate_expression();
begin
# Skip the "-" sign.
_advance_token(1);
_compile_term();
_write_z(@asm_neg);
_write_register('t', 0);
_write_z(@asm_comma);
_write_register('t', 0);
_write_c('\n');
end;
proc _compile_not_expression();
begin
# Skip the "~" sign.
_advance_token(1);
_compile_term();
_write_z(@asm_not);
_write_register('t', 0);
_write_z(@asm_comma);
_write_register('t', 0);
_write_c('\n');
end;
proc _compile_term();
begin
la t0, source_code_position
lw t0, (t0)
@@ -559,31 +596,95 @@ begin
sw a0, 0(sp)
li t1, '\''
beq a0, t1, .compile_expression_character_literal
beq a0, t1, .compile_term_character_literal
li t1, '@'
beq a0, t1, .compile_expression_address
beq a0, t1, .compile_term_address
li t1, '-'
beq a0, t1, .compile_term_negation
li t1, '~'
beq a0, t1, .compile_term_not
_is_digit(v0);
bnez a0, .compile_expression_integer_literal
bnez a0, .compile_term_integer_literal
goto .compile_expression_variable;
goto .compile_term_variable;
.compile_expression_character_literal:
.compile_term_character_literal:
_compile_character_literal();
goto .compile_expression_end;
goto .compile_term_end;
.compile_expression_integer_literal:
.compile_term_integer_literal:
_compile_integer_literal();
goto .compile_expression_end;
goto .compile_term_end;
.compile_expression_address:
.compile_term_address:
_compile_address_expression();
goto .compile_expression_end;
goto .compile_term_end;
.compile_expression_variable:
.compile_term_negation:
_compile_negate_expression();
goto .compile_term_end;
.compile_term_not:
_compile_not_expression();
goto .compile_term_end;
.compile_term_variable:
_compile_variable_expression();
goto .compile_expression_end;
goto .compile_term_end;
.compile_term_end:
end;
proc _compile_expression();
begin
_compile_term();
la t0, source_code_position
lw t0, (t0)
lb a0, (t0)
li t1, ' '
bne a0, t1, .compile_expression_end
# It is a binary expression.
# Save the value of the left expression on the stack.
_write_z(@asm_sw);
_write_register('t', 0);
_write_z(@asm_comma);
_write_i(24);
_write_c('(');
_write_z(@asm_sp);
_write_c(')');
_write_c('\n');
# Skip the operator and surrounding whitespaces.
_advance_token(3);
_compile_term();
# Load the left expression from the stack;
_write_z(@asm_lw);
_write_register('t', 1);
_write_z(@asm_comma);
_write_i(24);
_write_c('(');
_write_z(@asm_sp);
_write_c(')');
_write_c('\n');
# Execute the operation.
_write_z(@asm_add);
_write_register('t', 0);
_write_z(@asm_comma);
_write_register('t', 0);
_write_z(@asm_comma);
_write_register('t', 1);
_write_c('\n');
.compile_expression_end:
end;
@@ -597,7 +698,7 @@ begin
_read_token();
sw a0, 0(sp)
v4 := source_code_position
v4 := source_code_position;
sw zero, 8(sp)
@@ -617,14 +718,14 @@ begin
# Save the argument on the stack.
_write_z(@asm_sw);
_write_z(@asm_t0);
_write_register('t', 0);
_write_z(@asm_comma);
# Calculate the stack offset: 52 - (4 * argument_counter)
# Calculate the stack offset: 116 - (4 * argument_counter)
lw t0, 8(sp)
li t1, 4
mul t0, t0, t1
li t1, 52
li t1, 116
sub a0, t1, t0
_write_i();
@@ -668,11 +769,11 @@ begin
_write_z(@asm_comma);
# Calculate the stack offset: 52 - (4 * argument_counter)
# Calculate the stack offset: 116 - (4 * argument_counter)
lw t0, 8(sp)
li t1, 4
mul t0, t0, t1
li t1, 52
li t1, 116
sub a0, t1, t0
_write_i();
@@ -712,7 +813,7 @@ begin
_advance_token(1);
_write_z(@asm_addi);
_write_z(@asm_t0);
_write_register('t', 0);
_write_z(@asm_comma);
_write_z(@asm_sp);
_write_z(@asm_comma);
@@ -733,7 +834,7 @@ end;
proc _compile_global_designator();
begin
_write_z(@asm_la);
_write_z(@asm_t0);
_write_register('t', 0);
_write_z(@asm_comma);
_read_token();
@@ -772,7 +873,7 @@ begin
# Save the assignee address on the stack.
_write_z(@asm_sw);
_write_z(@asm_t0);
_write_register('t', 0);
_write_z(@asm_comma);
_write_i(20);
@@ -787,7 +888,7 @@ begin
_compile_expression();
_write_z(@asm_lw);
_write_z(@asm_t1);
_write_register('t', 1);
_write_z(@asm_comma);
_write_i(20);
@@ -797,11 +898,11 @@ begin
_write_c('\n');
_write_z(@asm_sw);
_write_z(@asm_t0);
_write_register('t', 0);
_write_z(@asm_comma);
_write_c('(');
_write_z(@asm_t1);
_write_register('t', 1);
_write_c(')');
end;
@@ -855,11 +956,8 @@ end;
proc _compile_procedure_body();
begin
.compile_procedure_body_loop:
la a0, source_code_position
lw a0, (a0)
la a1, keyword_end
li a2, 3 # "end" length.
_memcmp();
# 3 is "end" length.
_memcmp(source_code_position, @keyword_end, 3);
beqz a0, .compile_procedure_body_epilogue
@@ -869,6 +967,60 @@ begin
.compile_procedure_body_epilogue:
end;
# Writes a regster name to the standard output.
#
# Parameters:
# a0 - Register character.
# a1 - Register number.
proc _write_register();
begin
sw a0, 0(sp)
sw a1, 4(sp)
_write_c();
lw a0, 4(sp)
li t0, '0'
add a0, a0, t0
_write_c();
end;
proc _compile_procedure_prologue();
begin
_write_z(@asm_prologue);
v0 := 0;
.compile_procedure_prologue_loop:
_write_z(@asm_sw);
li a0, 'a'
lw a1, 0(sp)
_write_register();
_write_z(@asm_comma);
# Calculate the stack offset: 88 - (4 * parameter_counter)
lw t0, 0(sp)
li t1, 4
mul t0, t0, t1
li t1, 88
sub a0, t1, t0
_write_i();
_write_c('(');
_write_z(@asm_sp);
_write_c(')');
_write_c('\n');
lw a0, 0(sp)
addi a0, a0, 1
sw a0, 0(sp)
li t0, 8
bne a0, t0, .compile_procedure_prologue_loop
end;
proc _compile_procedure();
begin
# Skip "proc ".
@@ -883,8 +1035,7 @@ begin
_write_token(v0);
la a0, asm_type_function
_write_z();
_write_z(@asm_type_function);
# Write procedure label, _procedure_name:
_write_token(v0);
@@ -896,8 +1047,7 @@ begin
addi a0, a0, 10
_advance_token();
_write_z(@asm_prologue);
_compile_procedure_prologue();
_compile_procedure_body();
# Write the epilogue.