/* Constant expression evaluation.
   Copyright (C) 2025 Free Software Foundation, Inc.

GCC is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option)
any later version.

GCC is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
GNU General Public License for more details.

You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with GCC; see the file COPYING3.  If not see
<http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */

#include "elna/boot/evaluator.h"
#include "elna/boot/ast.h"

#include <numeric>
#include <algorithm>
#include <limits>

namespace elna::boot
{
    evaluator::evaluator(symbol_bag& bag, const target_info& target,
            const std::map<std::string, expression*>& evaluated_initializers)
        : bag(bag), target(target), evaluated_initializers(evaluated_initializers)
    {
    }

    std::optional<constant_value> evaluator::evaluate(expression& subject)
    {
        if (auto *literal_expression = subject.is_literal())
        {
            return evaluate_literal(*literal_expression);
        }
        else if (auto *designator = subject.is_designator())
        {
            if (auto *named = designator->is_named())
            {
                return evaluate_named(*named);
            }
        }
        else if (auto *unary = subject.is_unary())
        {
            return evaluate_unary(*unary);
        }
        else if (auto *binary = subject.is_binary())
        {
            return evaluate_binary(*binary);
        }
        else if (auto *cast = subject.is_cast())
        {
            return evaluate_cast(*cast);
        }
        else if (auto *traits = subject.is_traits())
        {
            return evaluate_traits(*traits);
        }
        else if (auto *record_constructor = subject.is_record_constructor())
        {
            for (const field_initializer& field_initializer : record_constructor->field_initializers)
            {
                if (!evaluate(field_initializer.value()))
                {
                    return std::nullopt;
                }
            }
            return constant_value{ compound_constant{} };
        }
        else if (auto *array_constructor = subject.is_array_constructor())
        {
            for (expression *element : array_constructor->elements)
            {
                if (!evaluate(*element))
                {
                    return std::nullopt;
                }
            }
            return constant_value{ compound_constant{} };
        }
        return std::nullopt;
    }

    std::optional<constant_value> evaluator::evaluate_literal(literal_expression& subject)
    {
        type const decoration = subject.type_decoration;

        if (is_primitive_type(decoration, "Int"))
        {
            return constant_value{ static_cast<literal<std::int32_t>&>(subject).value };
        }
        if (is_primitive_type(decoration, "Word"))
        {
            return constant_value{ static_cast<literal<std::uint32_t>&>(subject).value };
        }
        if (is_primitive_type(decoration, "Float"))
        {
            return constant_value{ static_cast<literal<double>&>(subject).value };
        }
        if (is_primitive_type(decoration, "Bool"))
        {
            return constant_value{ static_cast<literal<bool>&>(subject).value };
        }
        if (is_primitive_type(decoration, "Char"))
        {
            return constant_value{ static_cast<literal<unsigned char>&>(subject).value };
        }
        if (is_primitive_type(decoration, "Pointer"))
        {
            return constant_value{ std::nullptr_t{} };
        }
        return std::nullopt;
    }

    std::optional<constant_value> evaluator::evaluate_named(named_expression& subject)
    {
        auto symbol = this->bag.lookup(subject.name);

        if (symbol == nullptr)
        {
            return std::nullopt;
        }
        auto variable = symbol->is_variable();

        if (variable == nullptr
                || resolve_aliases(variable->symbol).get<constant_type>() == nullptr)
        {
            return std::nullopt;
        }
        auto initializer = this->evaluated_initializers.find(subject.name);

        return initializer == this->evaluated_initializers.end()
            ? std::nullopt
            : evaluate(*initializer->second);
    }

    std::optional<constant_value> evaluator::evaluate_unary(unary_expression& subject)
    {
        if (subject.operation() == unary_operator::reference)
        {
            // The address of a module-level entity is a compile-time
            // constant.  The caller (type analysis) validates the context.
            return constant_value{ std::nullptr_t{} };
        }
        auto operand = evaluate(subject.operand());

        if (!operand)
        {
            return std::nullopt;
        }
        if (subject.operation() == unary_operator::minus)
        {
            return std::visit([](auto&& value) -> std::optional<constant_value> {
                using T = std::decay_t<decltype(value)>;

                if constexpr (std::is_same_v<T, std::int32_t>)
                {
                    return value == std::numeric_limits<std::int32_t>::min()
                        ? std::nullopt
                        : std::make_optional<constant_value>(constant_value{ -value });
                }
                if constexpr (std::is_same_v<T, double>)
                {
                    return constant_value{ -value };
                }
                return std::nullopt;
            }, operand.value());
        }
        if (subject.operation() == unary_operator::logical_negation)
        {
            return std::visit([](auto value) -> std::optional<constant_value> {
                using T = std::decay_t<decltype(value)>;

                if constexpr (std::is_same_v<T, bool>)
                {
                    return constant_value{ !value };
                }
                return std::nullopt;
            }, operand.value());
        }
        if (subject.operation() == unary_operator::bitwise_negation)
        {
            return std::visit([](auto value) -> std::optional<constant_value> {
                using T = std::decay_t<decltype(value)>;

                if constexpr (std::is_integral_v<T>)
                {
                    return constant_value{ ~value };
                }
                return std::nullopt;
            }, operand.value());
        }
        if (subject.operation() == unary_operator::plus)
        {
            return operand;
        }
        return std::nullopt;
    }

    template<typename T>
    static std::optional<T> add_overflow(T lhs, T rhs)
    {
        if constexpr (std::is_integral_v<T> && !std::is_same_v<T, bool>)
        {
            T result;
            return __builtin_add_overflow(lhs, rhs, &result)
                ? std::nullopt
                : std::make_optional<T>(result);
        }
        return std::make_optional<T>(lhs + rhs);
    }

    template<typename T>
    static std::optional<T> sub_overflow(T lhs, T rhs)
    {
        if constexpr (std::is_integral_v<T> && !std::is_same_v<T, bool>)
        {
            T result;
            return __builtin_sub_overflow(lhs, rhs, &result)
                ? std::nullopt
                : std::make_optional<T>(result);
        }
        return std::make_optional<T>(lhs - rhs);
    }

    template<typename T>
    static std::optional<T> mul_overflow(T lhs, T rhs)
    {
        if constexpr (std::is_integral_v<T> && !std::is_same_v<T, bool>)
        {
            T result;
            return __builtin_mul_overflow(lhs, rhs, &result)
                ? std::nullopt
                : std::make_optional<T>(result);
        }
        return std::make_optional<T>(lhs * rhs);
    }

    template<typename T>
    static std::optional<constant_value> evaluate_operation(binary_operator operation, T lhs, T rhs)
    {
        if constexpr (std::is_same_v<T, std::nullptr_t>
                || std::is_same_v<T, compound_constant>)
        {
            switch (operation)
            {
            using enum binary_operator;
                case equals:
                    return constant_value{ true };
                case not_equals:
                    return constant_value{ false };
                default:
                    return std::nullopt;
            }
        }
        else
        {
            switch (operation)
            {
            using enum binary_operator;
                case sum:
                    if constexpr (std::is_arithmetic_v<T> && !std::is_same_v<T, bool>)
                    {
                        if (auto result = add_overflow(lhs, rhs))
                        {
                            return constant_value{ *result };
                        }
                    }
                    return std::nullopt;
                case subtraction:
                    if constexpr (std::is_arithmetic_v<T> && !std::is_same_v<T, bool>)
                    {
                        if (auto result = sub_overflow(lhs, rhs))
                        {
                            return constant_value{ *result };
                        }
                    }
                    return std::nullopt;
                case multiplication:
                    if constexpr (std::is_arithmetic_v<T> && !std::is_same_v<T, bool>)
                    {
                        if (auto result = mul_overflow(lhs, rhs))
                        {
                            return constant_value{ *result };
                        }
                    }
                    return std::nullopt;
                case division:
                    if constexpr (std::is_arithmetic_v<T> && !std::is_same_v<T, bool>)
                    {
                        if (rhs != static_cast<T>(0))
                        {
                            return constant_value{ lhs / rhs };
                        }
                    }
                    return std::nullopt;
                case remainder:
                    if constexpr (std::is_integral_v<T> && !std::is_same_v<T, bool>)
                    {
                        if (rhs != static_cast<T>(0))
                        {
                            return constant_value{ lhs % rhs };
                        }
                    }
                    return std::nullopt;
                case disjunction:
                case bitwise_disjunction:
                    if constexpr (std::is_integral_v<T> && !std::is_same_v<T, bool>)
                    {
                        return constant_value{ lhs | rhs };
                    }
                    return std::nullopt;
                case conjunction:
                case bitwise_conjunction:
                    if constexpr (std::is_integral_v<T> && !std::is_same_v<T, bool>)
                    {
                        return constant_value{ lhs & rhs };
                    }
                    return std::nullopt;
                case exclusive_disjunction:
                case bitwise_exclusive_disjunction:
                    if constexpr (std::is_integral_v<T> && !std::is_same_v<T, bool>)
                    {
                        return constant_value{ lhs ^ rhs };
                    }
                    return std::nullopt;
                case logical_conjunction:
                    if constexpr (std::is_same_v<T, bool>)
                    {
                        return constant_value{ lhs && rhs };
                    }
                    return std::nullopt;
                case logical_disjunction:
                    if constexpr (std::is_same_v<T, bool>)
                    {
                        return constant_value{ lhs || rhs };
                    }
                    return std::nullopt;
                case logical_exclusive_disjunction:
                    if constexpr (std::is_same_v<T, bool>)
                    {
                        return constant_value{ lhs != rhs };
                    }
                    return std::nullopt;
                case shift_left:
                    if constexpr (std::is_integral_v<T> && !std::is_same_v<T, bool>)
                    {
                        if (rhs < 0 || static_cast<std::make_unsigned_t<T>>(rhs) >= std::numeric_limits<T>::digits)
                        {
                            return std::nullopt;
                        }
                        return constant_value{ lhs << rhs };
                    }
                    return std::nullopt;
                case shift_right:
                    if constexpr (std::is_integral_v<T>)
                    {
                        return constant_value{ lhs >> rhs };
                    }
                    return std::nullopt;
                case equals:
                    return constant_value{ lhs == rhs };
                case not_equals:
                    return constant_value{ lhs != rhs };
                case less:
                    if constexpr (std::is_arithmetic_v<T> && !std::is_same_v<T, bool>)
                    {
                        return constant_value{ lhs < rhs };
                    }
                    return std::nullopt;
                case greater:
                    if constexpr (std::is_arithmetic_v<T> && !std::is_same_v<T, bool>)
                    {
                        return constant_value{ lhs > rhs };
                    }
                    return std::nullopt;
                case less_equal:
                    if constexpr (std::is_arithmetic_v<T> && !std::is_same_v<T, bool>)
                    {
                        return constant_value{ lhs <= rhs };
                    }
                    return std::nullopt;
                case greater_equal:
                    if constexpr (std::is_arithmetic_v<T> && !std::is_same_v<T, bool>)
                    {
                        return constant_value{ lhs >= rhs };
                    }
                    return std::nullopt;
                default:
                    return std::nullopt;
            }
        }
    }

    std::optional<constant_value> evaluator::evaluate_binary(binary_expression& subject)
    {
        std::optional<constant_value> lhs = evaluate(subject.lhs());
        std::optional<constant_value> rhs = evaluate(subject.rhs());

        if (!lhs || !rhs || lhs->index() != rhs->index())
        {
            return std::nullopt;
        }
        return std::visit([&rhs, operation = subject.operation()](auto&& lhs_value) {
            using T = std::decay_t<decltype(lhs_value)>;
            auto rhs_value = std::get<T>(rhs.value());

            return evaluate_operation<T>(operation, lhs_value, rhs_value);
        }, lhs.value());
    }

    std::optional<constant_value> evaluator::evaluate_cast(cast_expression& subject)
    {
        if (auto value = evaluate(subject.value()))
        {
            return constant_value{ value.value() };
        }
        else
        {
            return std::nullopt;
        }
    }

    std::optional<std::size_t> evaluator::evaluate_traits_size(const type& subject)
    {
        type const resolved = resolve_underlying_type(subject);

        if (is_primitive_type(resolved, "Int")
                || resolved.get<enumeration_type>() != nullptr)
        {
            return target.int_size;
        }
        else if (is_primitive_type(resolved, "Word"))
        {
            return target.word_size;
        }
        else if (is_primitive_type(resolved, "Char"))
        {
            return target.char_size;
        }
        else if (is_primitive_type(resolved, "Float"))
        {
            return target.float_size;
        }
        else if (is_primitive_type(resolved, "Bool"))
        {
            return target.bool_size;
        }
        else if (resolved.get<slice_type>() != nullptr)
        {
            return target.pointer_size + target.word_size;
        }
        else if (is_primitive_type(resolved, "Pointer")
                || resolved.get<pointer_type>() != nullptr)
        {
            return target.pointer_size;
        }
        else if (auto array = resolved.get<array_type>())
        {
            if (auto element_size = evaluate_traits_size(array->base))
            {
                return array->size * element_size.value();
            }
        }
        return std::nullopt;
    }

    std::optional<std::size_t> evaluator::evaluate_traits_alignment(const type& subject)
    {
        type const resolved = resolve_underlying_type(subject);

        if (is_primitive_type(resolved, "Int"))
        {
            return target.int_alignment;
        }
        if (is_primitive_type(resolved, "Word"))
        {
            return target.word_alignment;
        }
        if (is_primitive_type(resolved, "Char"))
        {
            return target.char_alignment;
        }
        if (is_primitive_type(resolved, "Float"))
        {
            return target.float_alignment;
        }
        if (is_primitive_type(resolved, "Pointer"))
        {
            return target.pointer_alignment;
        }
        if (resolved.get<pointer_type>() != nullptr)
        {
            return target.pointer_alignment;
        }
        if (auto array = resolved.get<array_type>())
        {
            // The alignment of the array equals that of its element.
            return evaluate_traits_alignment(array->base);
        }
        if (auto record = resolved.get<record_type>())
        {
            // An empty record has alignment 1.
            std::optional<std::size_t> by_field_alignment = std::accumulate(
                std::begin(record->fields), std::end(record->fields), std::make_optional<std::size_t>(1),
                [this](std::optional<std::size_t> max_alignment, auto& field) {
                    std::optional<std::size_t> field_alignment = evaluate_traits_alignment(field.second);

                    return field_alignment.has_value() && max_alignment.has_value()
                        ? std::make_optional(std::max(field_alignment.value(), max_alignment.value()))
                        : std::nullopt;
                }
            );
            if (!by_field_alignment.has_value())
            {
                return by_field_alignment;
            }
            std::size_t max_alignment = by_field_alignment.value();

            if (!record->base.empty())
            {
                if (auto base_alignment = evaluate_traits_alignment(record->base))
                {
                    max_alignment = std::max(base_alignment.value(), max_alignment);
                }
                else
                {
                    return std::nullopt;
                }
            }
            return max_alignment;
        }
        return std::nullopt;
    }

    std::optional<constant_value> evaluator::evaluate_traits(traits_expression& subject)
    {
        if (subject.types.size() != 1)
        {
            return std::nullopt;
        }
        else if (subject.name.name() == "size")
        {
            if (auto size = evaluate_traits_size(subject.types.front()))
            {
                return constant_value{ static_cast<std::uint32_t>(size.value()) };
            }
        }
        else if (subject.name.name() == "alignment")
        {
            if (auto alignment = evaluate_traits_alignment(subject.types.front()))
            {
                return constant_value{ static_cast<std::uint32_t>(alignment.value()) };
            }
        }
        else if (subject.name.name() == "min")
        {
            type const resolved = resolve_underlying_type(subject.types.front());

            if (is_primitive_type(resolved, "Int"))
            {
                return constant_value{ std::numeric_limits<std::int32_t>::min() };
            }
            if (is_primitive_type(resolved, "Word"))
            {
                return constant_value{ static_cast<std::uint32_t>(0) };
            }
            if (is_primitive_type(resolved, "Char"))
            {
                return constant_value{ static_cast<unsigned char>(0) };
            }
            if (is_primitive_type(resolved, "Bool"))
            {
                return constant_value{ false };
            }
            if (is_primitive_type(resolved, "Float"))
            {
                return constant_value{ -std::numeric_limits<double>::max() };
            }
            if (auto enumeration = resolved.get<enumeration_type>())
            {
                return constant_value{ 1 };
            }
        }
        else if (subject.name.name() == "max")
        {
            type const resolved = resolve_underlying_type(subject.types.front());

            if (is_primitive_type(resolved, "Int"))
            {
                return constant_value{ std::numeric_limits<std::int32_t>::max() };
            }
            if (is_primitive_type(resolved, "Word"))
            {
                return constant_value{ std::numeric_limits<std::uint32_t>::max() };
            }
            if (is_primitive_type(resolved, "Char"))
            {
                return constant_value{ std::numeric_limits<unsigned char>::max() };
            }
            if (is_primitive_type(resolved, "Bool"))
            {
                return constant_value{ true };
            }
            if (is_primitive_type(resolved, "Float"))
            {
                return constant_value{ std::numeric_limits<double>::max() };
            }
            if (auto enumeration = resolved.get<enumeration_type>())
            {
                return constant_value{ static_cast<std::int32_t>(enumeration->members.size()) };
            }
        }
        // #offset(T, field) stays in codegen - needs GCC record layout.
        return std::nullopt;
    }
}