#include "elna/parser.hpp" #include "elna/riscv.hpp" #include #include namespace elna { Instruction::Instruction(BaseOpcode opcode) { this->instruction = static_cast::type>(opcode); } Instruction& Instruction::i(XRegister rd, Funct3 funct3, XRegister rs1, std::uint32_t immediate) { this->instruction |= (static_cast::type>(rd) << 7) | (static_cast::type>(funct3) << 12) | (static_cast::type>(rs1) << 15) | (immediate << 20); return *this; } Instruction& Instruction::s(std::uint32_t imm1, Funct3 funct3, XRegister rs1, XRegister rs2) { this->instruction |= ((imm1 & 0b11111) << 7) | (static_cast::type>(funct3) << 12) | (static_cast::type>(rs1) << 15) | (static_cast::type>(rs2) << 20) | ((imm1 & 0b111111100000) << 20); return *this; } Instruction& Instruction::r(XRegister rd, Funct3 funct3, XRegister rs1, XRegister rs2, Funct7 funct7) { this->instruction |= (static_cast::type>(rd) << 7) | (static_cast::type>(funct3) << 12) | (static_cast::type>(rs1) << 15) | (static_cast::type>(rs2) << 20) | (static_cast::type>(funct7) << 25); return *this; } Instruction& Instruction::u(XRegister rd, std::uint32_t imm) { this->instruction |= (static_cast::type>(rd) << 7) | (imm << 12); return *this; } std::uint8_t *Instruction::encode() { return reinterpret_cast(&this->instruction); } void RiscVVisitor::visit(Node *) { } void RiscVVisitor::visit(Definition *definition) { ++constCount; constNames = reinterpret_cast(realloc(constNames, sizeof(const char *) * constCount)); constValues = reinterpret_cast(realloc(constValues, sizeof(std::int32_t) * constCount)); constNames[constCount - 1] = definition->identifier; constValues[constCount - 1] = definition->number->value; } void RiscVVisitor::visit(Block *block) { for (std::size_t i = 0; i < block->definitionsLength; ++i) { block->definitions[i]->accept(this); } this->instructionsLength += 4; this->instructions = reinterpret_cast( realloc(this->instructions, this->instructionsLength * sizeof(Instruction))); block->statement->accept(this); // Prologue. const uint stackSize = static_cast(variableCounter * 4 + 12); this->instructions[0] = Instruction(BaseOpcode::opImm) .i(XRegister::sp, Funct3::addi, XRegister::sp, -stackSize); this->instructions[1] = Instruction(BaseOpcode::store) .s(stackSize - 4, Funct3::sw, XRegister::sp, XRegister::s0); this->instructions[2] = Instruction(BaseOpcode::store) .s(stackSize - 8, Funct3::sw, XRegister::sp, XRegister::ra); this->instructions[3] = Instruction(BaseOpcode::opImm) .i(XRegister::s0, Funct3::addi, XRegister::sp, stackSize); this->instructions = reinterpret_cast( realloc(this->instructions, (this->instructionsLength + 10) * sizeof(Instruction))); // Print the result. this->instructions[instructionsLength++] = Instruction(BaseOpcode::opImm) .i(XRegister::a1, Funct3::addi, XRegister::a0, 0); this->references[0] = Reference(); this->references[0].name = ".CL0"; this->references[0].offset = instructionsLength * 4; this->references[0].target = Target::high20; this->instructions[instructionsLength++] = Instruction(BaseOpcode::lui).u(XRegister::a5, 0); this->references[1] = Reference(); this->references[1].name = ".CL0"; this->references[1].offset = instructionsLength * 4; this->references[1].target = Target::lower12i; this->instructions[instructionsLength++] = Instruction(BaseOpcode::opImm) .i(XRegister::a0, Funct3::addi, XRegister::a5, 0); this->references[2] = Reference(); this->references[2].name = "printf"; this->references[2].offset = instructionsLength * 4; this->references[2].target = Target::text; this->instructions[instructionsLength++] = Instruction(BaseOpcode::auipc).u(XRegister::ra, 0); this->instructions[instructionsLength++] = Instruction(BaseOpcode::jalr) .i(XRegister::ra, Funct3::jalr, XRegister::ra, 0); // Set the return value (0). this->instructions[instructionsLength++] = Instruction(BaseOpcode::op) .r(XRegister::a0, Funct3::_and, XRegister::zero, XRegister::zero); // Epilogue. this->instructions[instructionsLength++] = Instruction(BaseOpcode::load) .i(XRegister::s0, Funct3::lw, XRegister::sp, stackSize - 4); this->instructions[instructionsLength++] = Instruction(BaseOpcode::load) .i(XRegister::ra, Funct3::lw, XRegister::sp, stackSize - 8); this->instructions[instructionsLength++] = Instruction(BaseOpcode::opImm) .i(XRegister::sp, Funct3::addi, XRegister::sp, stackSize); this->instructions[instructionsLength++] = Instruction(BaseOpcode::jalr) .i(XRegister::zero, Funct3::jalr, XRegister::ra, 0); } void RiscVVisitor::visit(BangStatement *statement) { statement->expression->accept(this); } void RiscVVisitor::visit(Expression *operand) { if (dynamic_cast(operand) != nullptr) { return dynamic_cast(operand)->accept(this); } if (dynamic_cast(operand) != nullptr) { return dynamic_cast(operand)->accept(this); } } void RiscVVisitor::visit(Variable *variable) { std::size_t i = 0; for (; i < constCount; ++i) { if (strcmp(variable->identifier, constNames[i]) == 0) { break; } } const auto freeRegister = this->registerInUse ? XRegister::a0 : XRegister::t0; ++this->instructionsLength; this->instructions = reinterpret_cast( realloc(this->instructions, this->instructionsLength * sizeof(Instruction))); this->instructions[this->instructionsLength - 1] = Instruction(BaseOpcode::opImm) // movl $x, %eax; where $x is a number. .i(freeRegister, Funct3::addi, XRegister::zero, constValues[i]); } void RiscVVisitor::visit(Number *number) { const auto freeRegister = this->registerInUse ? XRegister::a0 : XRegister::t0; ++this->instructionsLength; this->instructions = reinterpret_cast( realloc(this->instructions, this->instructionsLength * sizeof(Instruction))); this->instructions[this->instructionsLength - 1] = Instruction(BaseOpcode::opImm) // movl $x, %eax; where $x is a number. .i(freeRegister, Funct3::addi, XRegister::zero, number->value); } void RiscVVisitor::visit(BinaryExpression *expression) { const auto lhs_register = this->registerInUse ? XRegister::a0 : XRegister::t0; this->registerInUse = true; expression->lhs->accept(this); ++this->instructionsLength; this->instructions = reinterpret_cast( realloc(this->instructions, this->instructionsLength * sizeof(Instruction))); this->instructions[instructionsLength - 1] = // movl %eax, -x(%rbp); where x is a number. Instruction(BaseOpcode::store) .s(static_cast(this->variableCounter * 4), Funct3::sw, XRegister::sp, XRegister::a0); auto lhs_stack_position = ++this->variableCounter; this->registerInUse = false; expression->rhs->accept(this); this->instructionsLength += 2; this->instructions = reinterpret_cast( realloc(this->instructions, this->instructionsLength * sizeof(Instruction))); this->instructions[instructionsLength - 2] = Instruction(BaseOpcode::load) .i(XRegister::a0, Funct3::lw, XRegister::sp, static_cast((lhs_stack_position - 1) * 4)); // Calculate the result and assign it to a variable on the stack. switch (expression->_operator) { case BinaryOperator::sum: this->instructions[instructionsLength - 1] = Instruction(BaseOpcode::op) .r(lhs_register, Funct3::add, XRegister::a0, XRegister::t0); break; case BinaryOperator::subtraction: this->instructions[instructionsLength - 1] = Instruction(BaseOpcode::op) .r(lhs_register, Funct3::sub, XRegister::a0, XRegister::t0, Funct7::sub); break; } } Symbol writeNext(Block *ast) { auto visitor = std::make_unique(); visitor->visit(ast); Symbol program{ "main" }; for (std::size_t i = 0; i < 3; ++i) { program.symbols[i] = visitor->references[i]; } program.text = reinterpret_cast(malloc(sizeof(std::uint32_t) * visitor->instructionsLength)); for (std::size_t i = 0; i < visitor->instructionsLength; ++i) { memcpy(program.text + program.length, visitor->instructions[i].encode(), sizeof(std::uint32_t)); program.length += sizeof(std::uint32_t); } return program; } }