diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index 93fadf1..e22215c 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -31,7 +31,6 @@ string, Set, Hash table.
 * `conv`: This module provides functions for converting between different
 types.
 * `encoding`: This package provides tools to work with text encodings.
-* `exception`: Common exceptions and errors.
 * `format`: Formatting and conversion functions.
 * `functional`: Functions that manipulate other functions and their argument
 lists.
diff --git a/source/tanya/container/array.d b/source/tanya/container/array.d
index 2b7a2b8..2b3adfa 100644
--- a/source/tanya/container/array.d
+++ b/source/tanya/container/array.d
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 /**
  * Single-dimensioned array.
  *
- * Copyright: Eugene Wissner 2016-2018.
+ * Copyright: Eugene Wissner 2016-2019.
  * License: $(LINK2 https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/MPL/2.0/,
  *                  Mozilla Public License, v. 2.0).
  * Authors: $(LINK2 mailto:info@caraus.de, Eugene Wissner)
@@ -17,7 +17,6 @@ module tanya.container.array;
 import core.checkedint;
 import tanya.algorithm.comparison;
 import tanya.algorithm.mutation;
-import tanya.exception;
 import tanya.functional;
 import tanya.memory;
 import tanya.meta.trait;
diff --git a/source/tanya/container/buffer.d b/source/tanya/container/buffer.d
index 4866ca7..b2eeb74 100644
--- a/source/tanya/container/buffer.d
+++ b/source/tanya/container/buffer.d
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 /**
  * This module contains buffers designed for C-style input/output APIs.
  *
- * Copyright: Eugene Wissner 2016-2018.
+ * Copyright: Eugene Wissner 2016-2019.
  * License: $(LINK2 https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/MPL/2.0/,
  *                  Mozilla Public License, v. 2.0).
  * Authors: $(LINK2 mailto:info@caraus.de, Eugene Wissner)
diff --git a/source/tanya/container/entry.d b/source/tanya/container/entry.d
index e976cc3..1e7e28f 100644
--- a/source/tanya/container/entry.d
+++ b/source/tanya/container/entry.d
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 /*
  * Internal package used by containers that rely on entries/nodes.
  *
- * Copyright: Eugene Wissner 2016-2018.
+ * Copyright: Eugene Wissner 2016-2019.
  * License: $(LINK2 https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/MPL/2.0/,
  *                  Mozilla Public License, v. 2.0).
  * Authors: $(LINK2 mailto:info@caraus.de, Eugene Wissner)
diff --git a/source/tanya/container/hashtable.d b/source/tanya/container/hashtable.d
index b80d220..3571f63 100644
--- a/source/tanya/container/hashtable.d
+++ b/source/tanya/container/hashtable.d
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 /**
  * Hash table.
  *
- * Copyright: Eugene Wissner 2018.
+ * Copyright: Eugene Wissner 2018-2019.
  * License: $(LINK2 https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/MPL/2.0/,
  *                  Mozilla Public License, v. 2.0).
  * Authors: $(LINK2 mailto:info@caraus.de, Eugene Wissner)
diff --git a/source/tanya/container/list.d b/source/tanya/container/list.d
index 39edf06..09a5c9f 100644
--- a/source/tanya/container/list.d
+++ b/source/tanya/container/list.d
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
  * This module contains singly-linked ($(D_PSYMBOL SList)) and doubly-linked
  * ($(D_PSYMBOL DList)) lists.
  *
- * Copyright: Eugene Wissner 2016-2018.
+ * Copyright: Eugene Wissner 2016-2019.
  * License: $(LINK2 https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/MPL/2.0/,
  *                  Mozilla Public License, v. 2.0).
  * Authors: $(LINK2 mailto:info@caraus.de, Eugene Wissner)
diff --git a/source/tanya/container/package.d b/source/tanya/container/package.d
index 783c5d0..1919b39 100644
--- a/source/tanya/container/package.d
+++ b/source/tanya/container/package.d
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 /**
  * Abstract data types whose instances are collections of other objects.
  *
- * Copyright: Eugene Wissner 2016-2018.
+ * Copyright: Eugene Wissner 2016-2019.
  * License: $(LINK2 https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/MPL/2.0/,
  *                  Mozilla Public License, v. 2.0).
  * Authors: $(LINK2 mailto:info@caraus.de, Eugene Wissner)
diff --git a/source/tanya/container/set.d b/source/tanya/container/set.d
index b95950b..b06ef91 100644
--- a/source/tanya/container/set.d
+++ b/source/tanya/container/set.d
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
  * This module implements a $(D_PSYMBOL Set) container that stores unique
  * values without any particular order.
  *
- * Copyright: Eugene Wissner 2017-2018.
+ * Copyright: Eugene Wissner 2017-2019.
  * License: $(LINK2 https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/MPL/2.0/,
  *                  Mozilla Public License, v. 2.0).
  * Authors: $(LINK2 mailto:info@caraus.de, Eugene Wissner)
diff --git a/source/tanya/container/string.d b/source/tanya/container/string.d
index abe60e1..2a50dc6 100644
--- a/source/tanya/container/string.d
+++ b/source/tanya/container/string.d
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
  * Internally $(D_PSYMBOL String) is represented by a sequence of
  * $(D_KEYWORD char)s.
  *
- * Copyright: Eugene Wissner 2017-2018.
+ * Copyright: Eugene Wissner 2017-2019.
  * License: $(LINK2 https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/MPL/2.0/,
  *                  Mozilla Public License, v. 2.0).
  * Authors: $(LINK2 mailto:info@caraus.de, Eugene Wissner)
diff --git a/source/tanya/exception.d b/source/tanya/exception.d
index 936e4a7..49a2d40 100644
--- a/source/tanya/exception.d
+++ b/source/tanya/exception.d
@@ -2,65 +2,15 @@
  * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
  * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
 
-/**
- * Common exceptions and errors.
- *
- * Copyright: Eugene Wissner 2017-2018.
+/*
+ * Copyright: Eugene Wissner 2017-2019.
  * License: $(LINK2 https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/MPL/2.0/,
  *                  Mozilla Public License, v. 2.0).
  * Authors: $(LINK2 mailto:info@caraus.de, Eugene Wissner)
  * Source: $(LINK2 https://github.com/caraus-ecms/tanya/blob/master/source/tanya/exception.d,
  *                 tanya/exception.d)
  */
+deprecated("Use tanya.memory.lifecycle instead")
 module tanya.exception;
 
-import tanya.conv;
-import tanya.memory;
-
-/**
- * Error thrown if memory allocation fails.
- */
-final class OutOfMemoryError : Error
-{
-    /**
-     * Constructs new error.
-     *
-     * Params:
-     *  msg  = The message for the exception.
-     *  file = The file where the exception occurred.
-     *  line = The line number where the exception occurred.
-     *  next = The previous exception in the chain of exceptions, if any.
-     */
-    this(string msg = "Out of memory",
-         string file = __FILE__,
-         size_t line = __LINE__,
-         Throwable next = null) @nogc nothrow pure @safe
-    {
-        super(msg, file, line, next);
-    }
-
-    /// ditto
-    this(string msg,
-         Throwable next,
-         string file = __FILE__,
-         size_t line = __LINE__) @nogc nothrow pure @safe
-    {
-        super(msg, file, line, next);
-    }
-}
-
-/**
- * Allocates $(D_PSYMBOL OutOfMemoryError) in a static storage and throws it.
- *
- * Params:
- *  msg = Custom error message.
- *
- * Throws: $(D_PSYMBOL OutOfMemoryError).
- */
-void onOutOfMemoryError(string msg = "Out of memory")
-@nogc nothrow pure @trusted
-{
-    static ubyte[stateSize!OutOfMemoryError] memory;
-    alias PureType = OutOfMemoryError function(string) @nogc nothrow pure;
-    throw (cast(PureType) () => emplace!OutOfMemoryError(memory))(msg);
-}
+public import tanya.memory.lifecycle : onOutOfMemoryError, OutOfMemoryError;
diff --git a/source/tanya/memory/allocator.d b/source/tanya/memory/allocator.d
index 1d8139d..3d05a37 100644
--- a/source/tanya/memory/allocator.d
+++ b/source/tanya/memory/allocator.d
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
  * Allocators are classes encapsulating memory allocation strategy. This allows
  * to decouple memory management from the algorithms and the data. 
  *
- * Copyright: Eugene Wissner 2016-2018.
+ * Copyright: Eugene Wissner 2016-2019.
  * License: $(LINK2 https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/MPL/2.0/,
  *                  Mozilla Public License, v. 2.0).
  * Authors: $(LINK2 mailto:info@caraus.de, Eugene Wissner)
diff --git a/source/tanya/memory/lifecycle.d b/source/tanya/memory/lifecycle.d
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2221af3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/source/tanya/memory/lifecycle.d
@@ -0,0 +1,360 @@
+/* This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
+
+/**
+ * Lifecycle management functions, types and related exceptions.
+ *
+ * Copyright: Eugene Wissner 2019.
+ * License: $(LINK2 https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/MPL/2.0/,
+ *                  Mozilla Public License, v. 2.0).
+ * Authors: $(LINK2 mailto:info@caraus.de, Eugene Wissner)
+ * Source: $(LINK2 https://github.com/caraus-ecms/tanya/blob/master/source/tanya/memory/init.d,
+ *                 tanya/memory/init.d)
+ */
+module tanya.memory.lifecycle;
+
+import tanya.algorithm.mutation;
+import tanya.conv;
+import tanya.memory;
+import tanya.meta.trait;
+import tanya.range.primitive;
+
+/**
+ * Error thrown if memory allocation fails.
+ */
+final class OutOfMemoryError : Error
+{
+    /**
+     * Constructs new error.
+     *
+     * Params:
+     *  msg  = The message for the exception.
+     *  file = The file where the exception occurred.
+     *  line = The line number where the exception occurred.
+     *  next = The previous exception in the chain of exceptions, if any.
+     */
+    this(string msg = "Out of memory",
+         string file = __FILE__,
+         size_t line = __LINE__,
+         Throwable next = null) @nogc nothrow pure @safe
+    {
+        super(msg, file, line, next);
+    }
+
+    /// ditto
+    this(string msg,
+         Throwable next,
+         string file = __FILE__,
+         size_t line = __LINE__) @nogc nothrow pure @safe
+    {
+        super(msg, file, line, next);
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Allocates $(D_PSYMBOL OutOfMemoryError) in a static storage and throws it.
+ *
+ * Params:
+ *  msg = Custom error message.
+ *
+ * Throws: $(D_PSYMBOL OutOfMemoryError).
+ */
+void onOutOfMemoryError(string msg = "Out of memory")
+@nogc nothrow pure @trusted
+{
+    static ubyte[stateSize!OutOfMemoryError] memory;
+    alias PureType = OutOfMemoryError function(string) @nogc nothrow pure;
+    throw (cast(PureType) () => emplace!OutOfMemoryError(memory))(msg);
+}
+
+// From druntime
+extern (C)
+private void _d_monitordelete(Object h, bool det) @nogc nothrow pure;
+
+/*
+ * Internal function used to create, resize or destroy a dynamic array. It
+ * may throw $(D_PSYMBOL OutOfMemoryError). The new
+ * allocated part of the array isn't initialized. This function can be trusted
+ * only in the data structures that can ensure that the array is
+ * allocated/rellocated/deallocated with the same allocator.
+ *
+ * Params:
+ *  T         = Element type of the array being created.
+ *  allocator = The allocator used for getting memory.
+ *  array     = A reference to the array being changed.
+ *  length    = New array length.
+ *
+ * Returns: $(D_PARAM array).
+ */
+package(tanya) T[] resize(T)(shared Allocator allocator,
+                             auto ref T[] array,
+                             const size_t length) @trusted
+{
+    if (length == 0)
+    {
+        if (allocator.deallocate(array))
+        {
+            return null;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            onOutOfMemoryError();
+        }
+    }
+
+    void[] buf = array;
+    if (!allocator.reallocate(buf, length * T.sizeof))
+    {
+        onOutOfMemoryError();
+    }
+    // Casting from void[] is unsafe, but we know we cast to the original type.
+    array = cast(T[]) buf;
+
+    return array;
+}
+
+@nogc nothrow pure @safe unittest
+{
+    int[] p;
+
+    p = defaultAllocator.resize(p, 20);
+    assert(p.length == 20);
+
+    p = defaultAllocator.resize(p, 30);
+    assert(p.length == 30);
+
+    p = defaultAllocator.resize(p, 10);
+    assert(p.length == 10);
+
+    p = defaultAllocator.resize(p, 0);
+    assert(p is null);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Destroys the object.
+ * Returns the memory should be freed.
+ */
+package(tanya) void[] finalize(T)(ref T* p)
+{
+    if (p is null)
+    {
+        return null;
+    }
+    static if (hasElaborateDestructor!T)
+    {
+        destroy(*p);
+    }
+    return (cast(void*) p)[0 .. T.sizeof];
+}
+
+package(tanya) void[] finalize(T)(ref T p)
+if (isPolymorphicType!T)
+{
+    if (p is null)
+    {
+        return null;
+    }
+    static if (is(T == interface))
+    {
+        version(Windows)
+        {
+            import core.sys.windows.unknwn : IUnknown;
+            static assert(!is(T : IUnknown), "COM interfaces can't be destroyed in "
+                                           ~ __PRETTY_FUNCTION__);
+        }
+        auto ob = cast(Object) p;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        alias ob = p;
+    }
+    auto ptr = cast(void*) ob;
+    auto support = ptr[0 .. typeid(ob).initializer.length];
+
+    auto ppv = cast(void**) ptr;
+    if (!*ppv)
+    {
+        return null;
+    }
+    auto pc = cast(ClassInfo*) *ppv;
+    scope (exit)
+    {
+        *ppv = null;
+    }
+
+    auto c = *pc;
+    do
+    {
+        // Assume the destructor is @nogc. Leave it nothrow since the destructor
+        // shouldn't throw and if it does, it is an error anyway.
+        if (c.destructor)
+        {
+            alias DtorType = void function(Object) pure nothrow @safe @nogc;
+            (cast(DtorType) c.destructor)(ob);
+        }
+    }
+    while ((c = c.base) !is null);
+
+    if (ppv[1]) // if monitor is not null
+    {
+        _d_monitordelete(cast(Object) ptr, true);
+    }
+    return support;
+}
+
+package(tanya) void[] finalize(T)(ref T[] p)
+{
+    destroyAll(p);
+    return p;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Destroys and deallocates $(D_PARAM p) of type $(D_PARAM T).
+ * It is assumed the respective entities had been allocated with the same
+ * allocator.
+ *
+ * Params:
+ *  T         = Type of $(D_PARAM p).
+ *  allocator = Allocator the $(D_PARAM p) was allocated with.
+ *  p         = Object or array to be destroyed.
+ */
+void dispose(T)(shared Allocator allocator, auto ref T p)
+{
+    () @trusted { allocator.deallocate(finalize(p)); }();
+    p = null;
+}
+
+@nogc nothrow pure @system unittest
+{
+    static struct S
+    {
+        ~this() @nogc nothrow pure @safe
+        {
+        }
+    }
+    auto p = cast(S[]) defaultAllocator.allocate(S.sizeof);
+
+    defaultAllocator.dispose(p);
+}
+
+// Works with interfaces.
+@nogc nothrow pure @safe unittest
+{
+    interface I
+    {
+    }
+    class C : I
+    {
+    }
+    auto c = defaultAllocator.make!C();
+    I i = c;
+
+    defaultAllocator.dispose(i);
+    defaultAllocator.dispose(i);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Constructs a new class instance of type $(D_PARAM T) using $(D_PARAM args)
+ * as the parameter list for the constructor of $(D_PARAM T).
+ *
+ * Params:
+ *  T         = Class type.
+ *  A         = Types of the arguments to the constructor of $(D_PARAM T).
+ *  allocator = Allocator.
+ *  args      = Constructor arguments of $(D_PARAM T).
+ *
+ * Returns: Newly created $(D_PSYMBOL T).
+ *
+ * Precondition: $(D_INLINECODE allocator !is null)
+ */
+T make(T, A...)(shared Allocator allocator, auto ref A args)
+if (is(T == class))
+in (allocator !is null)
+{
+    auto mem = (() @trusted => allocator.allocate(stateSize!T))();
+    if (mem is null)
+    {
+        onOutOfMemoryError();
+    }
+    scope (failure)
+    {
+        () @trusted { allocator.deallocate(mem); }();
+    }
+
+    return emplace!T(mem[0 .. stateSize!T], args);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Constructs a value object of type $(D_PARAM T) using $(D_PARAM args)
+ * as the parameter list for the constructor of $(D_PARAM T) and returns a
+ * pointer to the new object.
+ *
+ * Params:
+ *  T         = Object type.
+ *  A         = Types of the arguments to the constructor of $(D_PARAM T).
+ *  allocator = Allocator.
+ *  args      = Constructor arguments of $(D_PARAM T).
+ *
+ * Returns: Pointer to the created object.
+ *
+ * Precondition: $(D_INLINECODE allocator !is null)
+ */
+T* make(T, A...)(shared Allocator allocator, auto ref A args)
+if (!is(T == interface)
+ && !is(T == class)
+ && !isAssociativeArray!T
+ && !isArray!T)
+in (allocator !is null)
+{
+    auto mem = (() @trusted => allocator.allocate(stateSize!T))();
+    if (mem is null)
+    {
+        onOutOfMemoryError();
+    }
+    scope (failure)
+    {
+        () @trusted { allocator.deallocate(mem); }();
+    }
+    return emplace!T(mem[0 .. stateSize!T], args);
+}
+
+///
+@nogc nothrow pure @safe unittest
+{
+    int* i = defaultAllocator.make!int(5);
+    assert(*i == 5);
+    defaultAllocator.dispose(i);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Constructs a new array with $(D_PARAM n) elements.
+ *
+ * Params:
+ *  T         = Array type.
+ *  allocator = Allocator.
+ *  n         = Array size.
+ *
+ * Returns: Newly created array.
+ *
+ * Precondition: $(D_INLINECODE allocator !is null
+ *                           && n <= size_t.max / ElementType!T.sizeof)
+ */
+T make(T)(shared Allocator allocator, const size_t n)
+if (isArray!T)
+in (allocator !is null)
+in (n <= size_t.max / ElementType!T.sizeof)
+{
+    auto ret = allocator.resize!(ElementType!T)(null, n);
+    ret.uninitializedFill(ElementType!T.init);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+///
+@nogc nothrow pure @safe unittest
+{
+    int[] i = defaultAllocator.make!(int[])(2);
+    assert(i.length == 2);
+    assert(i[0] == int.init && i[1] == int.init);
+    defaultAllocator.dispose(i);
+}
diff --git a/source/tanya/memory/mallocator.d b/source/tanya/memory/mallocator.d
index f7379e8..fdf7ede 100644
--- a/source/tanya/memory/mallocator.d
+++ b/source/tanya/memory/mallocator.d
@@ -3,9 +3,10 @@
  * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
 
 /**
- * Allocator based on $(D_PSYMBOL malloc), $(D_PSYMBOL realloc) and $(D_PSYMBOL free).
+ * Allocator based on $(D_PSYMBOL malloc), $(D_PSYMBOL realloc) and
+ * $(D_PSYMBOL free).
  *
- * Copyright: Eugene Wissner 2017-2018.
+ * Copyright: Eugene Wissner 2017-2019.
  * License: $(LINK2 https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/MPL/2.0/,
  *                  Mozilla Public License, v. 2.0).
  * Authors: $(LINK2 mailto:info@caraus.de, Eugene Wissner)
diff --git a/source/tanya/memory/mmappool.d b/source/tanya/memory/mmappool.d
index fb3ef06..5c42241 100644
--- a/source/tanya/memory/mmappool.d
+++ b/source/tanya/memory/mmappool.d
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 /*
  * Native allocator.
  *
- * Copyright: Eugene Wissner 2016-2018.
+ * Copyright: Eugene Wissner 2016-2019.
  * License: $(LINK2 https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/MPL/2.0/,
  *                  Mozilla Public License, v. 2.0).
  * Authors: $(LINK2 mailto:info@caraus.de, Eugene Wissner)
@@ -17,7 +17,6 @@ module tanya.memory.mmappool;
 version (TanyaNative):
 
 import mir.linux._asm.unistd;
-import tanya.algorithm.comparison;
 import tanya.memory.allocator;
 import tanya.memory.op;
 import tanya.os.error;
diff --git a/source/tanya/memory/op.d b/source/tanya/memory/op.d
index 6df7dd3..6005329 100644
--- a/source/tanya/memory/op.d
+++ b/source/tanya/memory/op.d
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 /**
  * Set of operations on memory blocks.
  *
- * Copyright: Eugene Wissner 2017-2018.
+ * Copyright: Eugene Wissner 2017-2019.
  * License: $(LINK2 https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/MPL/2.0/,
  *                  Mozilla Public License, v. 2.0).
  * Authors: $(LINK2 mailto:info@caraus.de, Eugene Wissner)
diff --git a/source/tanya/memory/package.d b/source/tanya/memory/package.d
index 77dc388..8526b5a 100644
--- a/source/tanya/memory/package.d
+++ b/source/tanya/memory/package.d
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 /**
  * Dynamic memory management.
  *
- * Copyright: Eugene Wissner 2016-2018.
+ * Copyright: Eugene Wissner 2016-2019.
  * License: $(LINK2 https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/MPL/2.0/,
  *                  Mozilla Public License, v. 2.0).
  * Authors: $(LINK2 mailto:info@caraus.de, Eugene Wissner)
@@ -14,12 +14,10 @@
  */
 module tanya.memory;
 
-import tanya.algorithm.mutation;
 import tanya.conv;
-import tanya.exception;
 public import tanya.memory.allocator;
+public import tanya.memory.lifecycle;
 import tanya.meta.trait;
-import tanya.range.primitive;
 
 /**
  * The mixin generates common methods for classes and structs using
@@ -86,10 +84,6 @@ mixin template DefaultAllocator()
     }
 }
 
-// From druntime
-extern (C)
-private void _d_monitordelete(Object h, bool det) @nogc nothrow pure;
-
 shared Allocator allocator;
 
 private shared(Allocator) getAllocatorInstance() @nogc nothrow
@@ -207,302 +201,3 @@ pure nothrow @safe @nogc
 {
     return (size - 1) / alignment * alignment + alignment;
 }
-
-/*
- * Internal function used to create, resize or destroy a dynamic array. It
- * may throw $(D_PSYMBOL OutOfMemoryError). The new
- * allocated part of the array isn't initialized. This function can be trusted
- * only in the data structures that can ensure that the array is
- * allocated/rellocated/deallocated with the same allocator.
- *
- * Params:
- *  T         = Element type of the array being created.
- *  allocator = The allocator used for getting memory.
- *  array     = A reference to the array being changed.
- *  length    = New array length.
- *
- * Returns: $(D_PARAM array).
- */
-package(tanya) T[] resize(T)(shared Allocator allocator,
-                             auto ref T[] array,
-                             const size_t length) @trusted
-{
-    if (length == 0)
-    {
-        if (allocator.deallocate(array))
-        {
-            return null;
-        }
-        else
-        {
-            onOutOfMemoryError();
-        }
-    }
-
-    void[] buf = array;
-    if (!allocator.reallocate(buf, length * T.sizeof))
-    {
-        onOutOfMemoryError();
-    }
-    // Casting from void[] is unsafe, but we know we cast to the original type.
-    array = cast(T[]) buf;
-
-    return array;
-}
-
-@nogc nothrow pure @safe unittest
-{
-    int[] p;
-
-    p = defaultAllocator.resize(p, 20);
-    assert(p.length == 20);
-
-    p = defaultAllocator.resize(p, 30);
-    assert(p.length == 30);
-
-    p = defaultAllocator.resize(p, 10);
-    assert(p.length == 10);
-
-    p = defaultAllocator.resize(p, 0);
-    assert(p is null);
-}
-
-/*
- * Destroys the object.
- * Returns the memory should be freed.
- */
-package(tanya) void[] finalize(T)(ref T* p)
-{
-    if (p is null)
-    {
-        return null;
-    }
-    static if (hasElaborateDestructor!T)
-    {
-        destroy(*p);
-    }
-    return (cast(void*) p)[0 .. T.sizeof];
-}
-
-package(tanya) void[] finalize(T)(ref T p)
-if (isPolymorphicType!T)
-{
-    if (p is null)
-    {
-        return null;
-    }
-    static if (is(T == interface))
-    {
-        version(Windows)
-        {
-            import core.sys.windows.unknwn : IUnknown;
-            static assert(!is(T : IUnknown), "COM interfaces can't be destroyed in "
-                                           ~ __PRETTY_FUNCTION__);
-        }
-        auto ob = cast(Object) p;
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        alias ob = p;
-    }
-    auto ptr = cast(void*) ob;
-    auto support = ptr[0 .. typeid(ob).initializer.length];
-
-    auto ppv = cast(void**) ptr;
-    if (!*ppv)
-    {
-        return null;
-    }
-    auto pc = cast(ClassInfo*) *ppv;
-    scope (exit)
-    {
-        *ppv = null;
-    }
-
-    auto c = *pc;
-    do
-    {
-        // Assume the destructor is @nogc. Leave it nothrow since the destructor
-        // shouldn't throw and if it does, it is an error anyway.
-        if (c.destructor)
-        {
-            alias DtorType = void function(Object) pure nothrow @safe @nogc;
-            (cast(DtorType) c.destructor)(ob);
-        }
-    }
-    while ((c = c.base) !is null);
-
-    if (ppv[1]) // if monitor is not null
-    {
-        _d_monitordelete(cast(Object) ptr, true);
-    }
-    return support;
-}
-
-package(tanya) void[] finalize(T)(ref T[] p)
-{
-    destroyAll(p);
-    return p;
-}
-
-/**
- * Destroys and deallocates $(D_PARAM p) of type $(D_PARAM T).
- * It is assumed the respective entities had been allocated with the same
- * allocator.
- *
- * Params:
- *  T         = Type of $(D_PARAM p).
- *  allocator = Allocator the $(D_PARAM p) was allocated with.
- *  p         = Object or array to be destroyed.
- */
-void dispose(T)(shared Allocator allocator, auto ref T p)
-{
-    () @trusted { allocator.deallocate(finalize(p)); }();
-    p = null;
-}
-
-@nogc nothrow pure @system unittest
-{
-    static struct S
-    {
-        ~this() @nogc nothrow pure @safe
-        {
-        }
-    }
-    auto p = cast(S[]) defaultAllocator.allocate(S.sizeof);
-
-    defaultAllocator.dispose(p);
-}
-
-// Works with interfaces.
-@nogc nothrow pure @safe unittest
-{
-    interface I
-    {
-    }
-    class C : I
-    {
-    }
-    auto c = defaultAllocator.make!C();
-    I i = c;
-
-    defaultAllocator.dispose(i);
-    defaultAllocator.dispose(i);
-}
-
-/**
- * Constructs a new class instance of type $(D_PARAM T) using $(D_PARAM args)
- * as the parameter list for the constructor of $(D_PARAM T).
- *
- * Params:
- *  T         = Class type.
- *  A         = Types of the arguments to the constructor of $(D_PARAM T).
- *  allocator = Allocator.
- *  args      = Constructor arguments of $(D_PARAM T).
- *
- * Returns: Newly created $(D_PSYMBOL T).
- *
- * Precondition: $(D_INLINECODE allocator !is null)
- */
-T make(T, A...)(shared Allocator allocator, auto ref A args)
-if (is(T == class))
-in
-{
-    assert(allocator !is null);
-}
-do
-{
-    auto mem = (() @trusted => allocator.allocate(stateSize!T))();
-    if (mem is null)
-    {
-        onOutOfMemoryError();
-    }
-    scope (failure)
-    {
-        () @trusted { allocator.deallocate(mem); }();
-    }
-
-    return emplace!T(mem[0 .. stateSize!T], args);
-}
-
-/**
- * Constructs a value object of type $(D_PARAM T) using $(D_PARAM args)
- * as the parameter list for the constructor of $(D_PARAM T) and returns a
- * pointer to the new object.
- *
- * Params:
- *  T         = Object type.
- *  A         = Types of the arguments to the constructor of $(D_PARAM T).
- *  allocator = Allocator.
- *  args      = Constructor arguments of $(D_PARAM T).
- *
- * Returns: Pointer to the created object.
- *
- * Precondition: $(D_INLINECODE allocator !is null)
- */
-T* make(T, A...)(shared Allocator allocator, auto ref A args)
-if (!is(T == interface)
- && !is(T == class)
- && !isAssociativeArray!T
- && !isArray!T)
-in
-{
-    assert(allocator !is null);
-}
-do
-{
-    auto mem = (() @trusted => allocator.allocate(stateSize!T))();
-    if (mem is null)
-    {
-        onOutOfMemoryError();
-    }
-    scope (failure)
-    {
-        () @trusted { allocator.deallocate(mem); }();
-    }
-    return emplace!T(mem[0 .. stateSize!T], args);
-}
-
-///
-@nogc nothrow pure @safe unittest
-{
-    int* i = defaultAllocator.make!int(5);
-    assert(*i == 5);
-    defaultAllocator.dispose(i);
-}
-
-/**
- * Constructs a new array with $(D_PARAM n) elements.
- *
- * Params:
- *  T         = Array type.
- *  allocator = Allocator.
- *  n         = Array size.
- *
- * Returns: Newly created array.
- *
- * Precondition: $(D_INLINECODE allocator !is null
- *                           && n <= size_t.max / ElementType!T.sizeof)
- */
-T make(T)(shared Allocator allocator, const size_t n)
-if (isArray!T)
-in
-{
-    assert(allocator !is null);
-    assert(n <= size_t.max / ElementType!T.sizeof);
-}
-do
-{
-    auto ret = allocator.resize!(ElementType!T)(null, n);
-    ret.uninitializedFill(ElementType!T.init);
-    return ret;
-}
-
-///
-@nogc nothrow pure @safe unittest
-{
-    int[] i = defaultAllocator.make!(int[])(2);
-    assert(i.length == 2);
-    assert(i[0] == int.init && i[1] == int.init);
-    defaultAllocator.dispose(i);
-}
diff --git a/source/tanya/memory/smartref.d b/source/tanya/memory/smartref.d
index 020627d..90271e7 100644
--- a/source/tanya/memory/smartref.d
+++ b/source/tanya/memory/smartref.d
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
  *  $(LI Unique ownership)
  * )
  *
- * Copyright: Eugene Wissner 2016-2018.
+ * Copyright: Eugene Wissner 2016-2019.
  * License: $(LINK2 https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/MPL/2.0/,
  *                  Mozilla Public License, v. 2.0).
  * Authors: $(LINK2 mailto:info@caraus.de, Eugene Wissner)
@@ -23,10 +23,8 @@
  */
 module tanya.memory.smartref;
 
-import tanya.algorithm.comparison;
 import tanya.algorithm.mutation;
 import tanya.conv;
-import tanya.exception;
 import tanya.memory;
 import tanya.meta.trait;
 import tanya.range.primitive;